Understanding the Factors Affecting the Formation of Carbonyl Iron Electrodes in Rechargeable Alkaline Iron Batteries

                                
                                Author: CVMR®
                            
Date of publication: 12.02.2013
Reading time: 3 min.

                                947

Understanding the Factors Affecting the Formation of Carbonyl Iron Electrodes in Rechargeable Alkaline Iron Batteries

Understanding the Factors Affecting the Formation of Carbonyl Iron Electrodes in Rechargeable Alkaline Iron Batteries

Aswin K. Manohar, Chenguang Yang, Souradip Malkhandi, Bo Yang, G. K. Surya Prakash and S. R. Narayanan,z

Abstract

Rechargeable iron-based alkaline batteries such as iron – air and nickel – iron batteries are attractive for large-scale electrical energy storage because iron is inexpensive, globally-abundant and environmentally-friendly. Further, the iron electrode is known for its robustness to repeated charge/discharge cycling. During manufacturing these batteries are charged and discharged 20 to 50 times during which the discharge capacity of the iron electrode increases gradually and attains a stable value. This process of achieving stable capacity is called formation. In this study we have focused our efforts on understanding the effect of electrode design on formation. We have investigated the role of wetting agent, pore-former additive, and sulfide additive on the formation of carbonyl iron electrodes. The wetting agent increased the rate of formation while the pore-former additive increased the final capacity. Sodium sulfide added to the electrolyte worked as a de-passivation agent and increased the final discharge capacity. We have proposed a phenomenological model for the formation process that predicts the rate of formation and final discharge capacity given the design parameters for the electrode. The understanding gained here will be useful in reducing the time lost in formation and in maximizing the utilization of the iron electrode.

Article from: http://jes.ecsdl.org/content/159/12/A2148.abstract

Pdf link: http://ma.ecsdl.org/content/MA2012-02/5/371.full.pdf+html or Here

Answers to your questions

What does CVMR do?

CVMR refines metals using vapor metallurgy and produces high-purity powders and components for various industries.
What metals does CVMR work with?

CVMR works with over 30 metals, including nickel, cobalt, lithium, rare earth elements, gold, silver, and copper.
Who uses CVMR’s products?

CVMR’s products are used in aerospace, automotive, electronics, medical devices, energy storage, and defense.
What is vapor metallurgy?

It’s a process where metals are vaporized and purified to produce ultra-pure materials with precise control.
Is CVMR eco-friendly?

Yes, CVMR uses sustainable methods like recycling metals, reducing CO₂, and turning methane into graphene.
Where is CVMR located?

CVMR is based in Toronto, Canada, and operates in over 20 countries globally.
Who are CVMR’s clients?

Clients include Pratt & Whitney, U.S. Mint, Virgin Galactic, Barrick Gold, and the U.S. Department of Energy.
Does CVMR make battery materials?

Yes, CVMR supplies lithium, nickel, cobalt, manganese, and vanadium for electric vehicle and storage batteries.
What is CVMR’s role in graphene?

CVMR converts CO₂ and methane into high-quality graphene for electronics, energy, and advanced material use.
How do I contact CVMR?

Visit https://cvmr.ca or email [email protected] for business inquiries and more information.

Understanding the Factors Affecting the Formation of Carbonyl Iron Electrodes in Rechargeable Alkaline Iron Batteries

Table of contents

Understanding the Factors Affecting the Formation of Carbonyl Iron Electrodes in Rechargeable Alkaline Iron Batteries

Contact Us